英语句型复习之“感叹句”
七星关区思源实验学校 周遵贤
在英语教学中,感叹句的正确理解和使用对中学生,尤其是初中生而言,是一大难题。那么今天,我们一起来探讨一下感叹句。
一、什么叫感叹句 ?
感叹句是用于表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。
二、感叹句的基本句型 :
1.What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What an interesting book it is!
(这是本)多么有趣的书啊!
What a uesful book it is!
(这是本)多么有用的书啊!
2.What + 形容词 + 不可数名词/可数名词的复数形式 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What clean water it is!
多清澈的水啊!
What beautiful sweaters they are!
(它们是)多么漂亮的毛衣啊!
注: 在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音音素开头,则用 an;反之,若为辅音音素则用a。
what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,
当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:
What a rich dinner it is! 多么丰盛的一顿晚餐啊!
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!
What a wonderful surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!
3.How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How well you did! 你做得真好!
How kind the old man is! 这老人心肠真好!
How clever the boys are! 这些男孩多么聪明啊!
How quickly he ran! 他跑得多么快啊!
注:how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。
如:How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!
二、感叹句型总结:
What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词/可数名词的复数形式 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How+形容词或副词+(主+谓)!
三、陈述句变感叹句
口诀是:一断、二加、三换位。
1、断就是在陈述句中的主谓之后断开,
2、加就是在断开处加什么
(感叹句无怪乎是由引导词what和how)
如果断开后的中心词是名词就加what.
如果断开后的中心词为形容词或副词就加how.
三换位就是将断开前的主谓部分直接移到句子后面。
若原陈述句中出现 very, too等副词修饰时应在变化时直接将他们去掉。
A.She is a nice girl.
第一步 she is a nice girl she is.
第二步 What a nice girl.
第三步 What a nice girl(she is)!
B. He runs very fast.
第一步 He runs very fast.
第二步He runs/How fast.
第三步How fast he runs!
C.They are working hard.
第一步 They are working hard.
第二步 They are working/How hard.
第三步 How hard they are working!
四、感叹词的选择
(1)倒分法(去掉主语和谓语)
去掉主语和谓语看最后一个词,如果是名词就用what,如果是形容词就用how。
What delicious dishes they are making!
(去掉主谓they are making后,剩dishes,可数名词复数,所以用what)
How wonderful the movies are!
(去掉主谓the movies are后,剩wonderful,形容词,所以用how)
【习题精练】
一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。
1).________ difficult homework we had yesterday!
2).________cute dog it is!
3).________ interesting the story is!
4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ honest boy Tom is!
6).________ tasty smell the cake gave off!
7).________ good time we had on the beach yesterday!
8).________ exciting news you've brought us!
9).________cool your new car is!
10).________ scary these tigers are!
二、将下列句子变成感叹句
1. It is quite a nice present.
→ _______ _______ nice present!
2. We have fine weather today.
→ _______ _______ weather we have today!
3. It’s sunny today.
→ _______ _______ sunny day it is today!
4. The children are working hard.
→ _______ _______ the children are working!
5. She played basketball wonderfully.
→ _______ _______ she played basketball!
6. He is good at singing.
→ _______ _______ he sings!
三、根据所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句:
1. The old man walked very slowly.
_______ _________ the old man walked!
2. The film is very wonderful.
______ ________ the film is!
3. Our school looks very beaufiful in spring.
__________ __________ our schools looks in spring!
4. It is a very useful dictionary.
__________ __________ __________ dicitonary it is!
__________ __________ __________ dictionary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully.
___________ ___________ the students are listening!
6. Kitty is a good swimmer.
___________ ___________ Ketty swims!
四、单选
1. ____ a nice watch it is!
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
2. ____ bright girls they are!
A. What B. What a C. How D. how a
3. ____ interesting the film is!
A. What B. What an C. How
4. ____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
5. ____ hard work it is!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
6. ____ day it is! It’s rainy again.
A. How bad B. What a bad
C. How fine D. What a fine
7. ____ great day July 1,1997 will be!
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
8. ____ expensive trousers!
A. What B. What a C. How D. What an
9. ____ girl she is!
A. What bright a B. How a bright
C. How bright a D. What bright
10. ____ weather we have today!
A. A fine B. What a fine
C. How a fine D. What fine
11. ____ careless he is!
A. What B. How C. So much D. How much
12. ____ from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is
13. Oh, John, ____ you gave us!
A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise 14. ____ useful work they have done!
A. What B. How C. What a D. What an
15. ____ nice picture you gave me!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
16. _______ carefully the boy does his homework!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
17. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. How, how B. What, what
C. How, what D. What, how
18. ________ cheap these clothes are!
I’d like to buy some for my son.
A. How B. How an
C. What D. What an
19. ____ fools they were! They believed what the girls said.
A. How B. How an
C. What D. What an
Homework:
1、熟记本课重点语法及句型。
2、整理错题,并能根据汉语意思正确造出感叹句。